[目的]探讨肝外胆管癌中Ki-67表达和微血管密度与病理特征的关系.[方法]应用免疫组织化学SP法观察40例肝外胆管癌组织及10例癌旁黏膜组织标本中Ki-67表达,用CD 34抗体标记血管内皮细胞,并检测Ki-67标记指数和微血管密度,分析其与肝外胆管癌病理特征的相关性.[结果]肝外胆管癌组织中Ki-67标记指数为37.2%±5.1%,癌旁黏膜组织为8.9%±1.4%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);肝外胆管癌中微血管密度值为56.5%±9.0%,癌旁黏膜组织中为20.6%±3.3%,差异亦具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ki-67的标记指数和微血管密度与肝外胆管癌的分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及TNM分期均有明显相关性(P<0.05).肝外胆管癌组织中Ki-67标记指数与微血管密度呈正相关.[结论]Ki-67标记指数和肿瘤微血管密度与肝外胆管癌的病理特征密切相关,可作为评价肝外胆管癌生物学特性的指标. [Objective] To investigate the relationship between Ki-67 expression and microvessel density in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and pathological features. [Methods] Immunohistochemical SP method was used to observe the expression of Ki- 67, and labeled with CD34 antibody. The Ki-67 labeling index and microvessel density were detected, and their correlations with the pathological features of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were analyzed. [Results] The Ki-67 labeling index The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The microvessel density in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was 56.5% ± 9.0%, and there was no significant difference in the adjacent mucosa between the two groups (37.2% ± 5.1% and 8.9% ± 1.4% (P <0.05). The index of Ki-67 and microvessel density were significantly correlated with the degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (P <0.05) <0.05). Ki-67 labeling index was positively correlated with microvessel density in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissues. [Conclusion] The Ki-67 labeling index and microvessel density are closely related to the pathological features of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, Indicator of cancer biological characteristics.