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深孔加工存在着排屑困难,冷却润滑液难以流入切削区,由于刀具细长,刚性差,加工时容易引偏和产生振动,因此孔的精度与表面粗糙度难已保证。尤其在普通机床上用普通刀具加工具有一定位置精度的深孔孔系,难度更大。我厂在生产 BJ130汽车变速箱的上盖时(图一是工序简图)需加工相互平行的三组φ16的同轴孔系。每组同轴孔的总深度为188毫米,其中有效加工深度为99毫米,深径比大于5,属于深孔加工范围。
Because of the slender and poor rigidity of the tool, it is easy to induce deflection and generate vibration when processing. Therefore, the precision and surface roughness of the hole are hard to guarantee. Especially in ordinary machine tools with a certain degree of accuracy of the deep hole processing tool hole, more difficult. I plant in the production of BJ130 car gearbox cover (Figure I is the process diagram) to be processed parallel to each other three sets of φ16 coaxial hole system. The total depth of each coaxial hole is 188 mm, of which the effective processing depth is 99 mm and the depth-to-diameter ratio is greater than 5, which belongs to the deep-hole processing range.