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地基受荷后产生变形:开始阶段,变形和荷重的关系接近直线,加荷超过某值后,变形与荷重之间不再有直线的关系,而当荷重继续增加达到某一阶段时,受荷面积突然下沉,变形急骤增大。图1中 oa,ab,及 bc 即表示这三个阶段。相应于 a 点的荷重,一般称之为临塑荷重,以 P_(кр)表示之;相应于 bc 段的荷重,谓之极限荷重,用 P_(пр)来表示。在估算地基的许可承压力时,常利用有关临塑和极限荷重的公式,当地基
After the foundation is loaded, it is deformed: At the beginning stage, the relationship between deformation and load is close to a straight line. After loading exceeds a certain value, there is no longer a linear relationship between the deformation and the load. When the load continues to increase to reach a certain stage, the load is loaded. Suddenly the area sinks and the deformation increases rapidly. In Figure 1, oa, ab, and bc represent these three phases. The load corresponding to point a is generally referred to as the temporary plastic load, denoted by P_(кр), and the load corresponding to segment bc, the limit load, denoted by P_(пр). In estimating the allowable bearing pressure of the foundation, the formula concerning the critical plasticity and the ultimate load is often used.