膀胱输尿管返流(Vesico-ureteral reflux简称VUR)系指膀胱尿经输尿管返流至肾脏而言。一般正常的膀胱,当其内压升高时,由于输尿管防止返流结构的作用并不引起VUR,但是,一旦此种结构遭到破坏,膀胱尿便经输尿管、肾盂而返流至肾脏。尤其是当膀胱有感染时,多并发肾盂肾炎;如果反复感染,则转为慢性肾盂肾炎;若为两侧性感染,常导致慢性肾功能不全。本文仅就有关防止返流结构的理论和尿液返流对肾脏的影响,特别是与肾盂肾炎和肾脏发育的关系以及VUR的治疗,结合本组经验 Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) refers to the urinary vesicoureteral reflux to the kidneys. Normal bladder, when its internal pressure increases, because the ureteral reflux structure to prevent the role of VUR does not cause, but once this structure is destroyed, bladder urinary stool through the ureter, renal pelvis and backflow. Especially when the bladder is infected, more complicated with pyelonephritis; if repeated infection, then converted to chronic pyelonephritis; if bilateral infection, often lead to chronic renal insufficiency. This article only on the prevention of reflux structure theory and urine reflux on the kidneys, especially with pyelonephritis and renal development and VUR treatment, combined with the experience of this group