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以GIS为平台,通过1998年及2008年两期遥感影像和修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE),按照土壤侵蚀强度分级标准,对海南昌化江下游流域土壤侵蚀量进行了计算。采用GIS的叠置分析功能,进一步分析了土壤侵蚀与坡度和土地利用之间的关系。结果表明:极强烈侵蚀和强烈侵蚀主要发生在天然林区,两期测算结果侵蚀量所占比例分别为48.59%和47.25%;人工植被区域因不同的规划和管理措施不同而呈现不同的变化趋势,人工林土壤侵蚀面积在下降,而果园土壤侵蚀面积却在进一步增加。坡度在15°～25°时土壤侵蚀模数最大,8°～15°和5°以下区域土壤侵蚀情况亦不容乐观。此研究方法与结论可为该地区的土地利用规划和水土保持措施布控提供科学依据。
Using GIS as the platform, the soil erosion amount of the downstream of Changhua River in Hainan Province was calculated according to the soil erosion intensity grading standards by remote sensing images and modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in 1998 and 2008. The overlay analysis function of GIS is used to further analyze the relationship between soil erosion and slope and land use. The results showed that extremely intense erosion and intense erosion mainly occurred in the natural forest area, accounting for 48.59% and 47.25% of the erosion respectively. The artificial vegetation area showed different trends due to different planning and management measures , The area of soil erosion in plantations is declining, while the area of soil erosion in orchards is further increasing. The soil erosion modulus is the highest when the slope is between 15 ° and 25 °, and the soil erosion is not optimistic between 8 ° and 15 ° and below 5 °. The research methods and conclusions can provide a scientific basis for land use planning and control of soil and water conservation measures in this area.