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本文提出一种适用于复杂地形风电场微观选址的风力机尾流模型。研究从湍流平均运动的动能方程出发,通过对非线性项中的速度进行线性化,同时引入能质的概念,得到尾流衰减对应的能质密度满足的对流扩散方程;采用粒子随机运动求解方程得到能质密度,并通过变换将动能衰减叠加到原平均动能场中,得到对应的尾流速度。研究表明,基于能质扩散的风力机尾流模型在平坦地形上与实验数据吻合得较好;对于复杂地形情况,模型通过边界条件将地形信息与浓度方程相耦合,所得尾流速度随着地形起伏而发生变化,且计算量适中,可用于预测复杂地形风电场的流场。
This paper presents a wind turbine wake model suitable for micro-site selection of complex wind farms. Based on the kinetic energy equation of the average turbulence movement, the convection-diffusion equation with wake-attenuating energy density is obtained by linearizing the velocity in the nonlinear term and introducing the concept of energy. The energy density is obtained, and the kinetic energy attenuation is added to the original average kinetic energy field by the transformation to obtain the corresponding wake velocity. The results show that the wind turbine wake model based on energy dispersal is in good agreement with the experimental data on the flat terrain. For the complex terrain, the model couples the terrain information with the concentration equation through the boundary conditions. The resulting wake velocity varies with the topography Ups and downs and changes, and the amount of calculation is moderate, can be used to predict the flow field of complex terrain wind farm.