Three-dimensional (3D) gravitational and magnetic exploration is performed using aerial measurement tools, however, this has difficulties with measuring-height design and the construction of a joint-interpretation scheme. At present, the height in such experiments is set according to the measurement scale, and the distribution characteristics of anomalies are not fully considered. Here, we present the idea of using the attenuation characteristics of a singular-value spectrum to evaluate the contributions of various measurement heights and multi-height combinations for inversion to correctly and reasonably design appropriate measuring heights and the number of various measurement heights to be set. The joint-gradient Euler-deconvolution method can accurately obtain the distribution of geological bodies from 3D gravitational and magnetic data at an improved resolution, and experimental tests confirm these findings. Therefore, an actual 3D aeromagnetic-data-acquisition and inversion test were carried out in the vicinity of the Zhurihe Iron Mine in Inner Mongolia. The flight-height difference was set to 60 m, and the specific distribution of lodes was obtained by the joint-gradient Euler-deconvolution method. This provides a reliable basis for future detailed exploration and proves that the methods presented in this paper have good practical-application effects and prospects.