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基于Born-Haber热力学循环理论,利用多组态Dirac-Fock方法计算的超重元素Uus及其同族元素Cl,Br,I和At的离化势和亲和势及已有的标准电极电势的实验值,拟合得到了Uus的元素电势图.结果表明:在酸溶液中Uus的0价态能够稳定存在,而1,1+和5+价态不能稳定存在;在同族元素中,随原子序数Z的增大,0价态和1+态的稳定性逐渐增加,1价态的稳定性逐渐降低;而5+价态的稳定性随原子序数变化并不是单调的.对于这种稳定性随原子序数变化的规律,我们从价电子能级的相对位置以及电子电离或亲和的过程作了定性的解释.
Based on the theory of Born-Haber thermodynamics, the ionization potential and affinity of super-heavy element Uus and its congener elements Cl, Br, I and At calculated by the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method and the experimental values of the existing standard electrode potentials were calculated. The results showed that the valence state of Uus in the acid solution can be stably existed, while the 1,1+ and 5+ valence states could not exist stably. In the same series of elements, with the atomic number Z Increases, the stability of 0 valence state and 1+ state gradually increases, and the stability of 1 valence state gradually decreases. However, the stability of 5+ valence state is not monotonous with the change of atomic number. For this stability, The law of change, we have a qualitative explanation of the relative position of the valence electron level and the process of electron ionization or affinity.