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目的:研究鼻息肉组织及其上皮细胞的形态学特征,检测嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)在其中的表达,探讨其发病机制及病理特点、ECP的作用。方法:慢性鼻-鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉(鼻窦炎组)5例,慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(鼻息肉组)5例,正常下鼻甲黏膜(对照组)5例,标本均分成2份,一份放入4%的戊二醛液中固定,常规电镜制片;另一份放入10%甲醛中固定,石蜡包埋行ECP原位杂交检测。结果:电镜下见鼻息肉组黏膜上皮排列紊乱,基底膜增厚,纤毛排列不整齐,倒伏,其中基底层有脱颗粒现象,鼻窦炎组上皮层破坏、基底膜水肿;对照组上皮层连续,基底层排列整齐。鼻窦炎组、鼻息肉组ECP阳性表达于上皮层、黏膜下层及血管周,呈棕褐色,但鼻窦炎组表达较鼻息肉组低。结论:鼻息肉组织及上皮细胞内有活化的嗜酸粒细胞,脱颗粒现象,鼻息肉组织中ECP高表达,说明鼻窦炎和(或)鼻息肉组织中有活跃的炎症反应,引起组织上皮损伤和脱落,最终形成鼻息肉。
OBJECTIVE: To study the morphological features of nasal polyps and their epithelial cells, to detect the expression of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), to explore its pathogenesis, pathological features and ECP. Methods: 5 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (sinusitis group), 5 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (nasal polyps), 5 cases of normal inferior turbinate mucosa (control group), the specimens were divided into 2 , A 4% glutaraldehyde solution fixed, conventional electron microscopy; the other placed in 10% formaldehyde fixed, paraffin-embedded ECP in situ hybridization detection. Results: Under electron microscope, mucosal epithelium of nasal polyps was disorderly arranged, the basement membrane was thickened, the cilia arranged irregularly and lodging, in which basal layer degranulation, epithelial layer of sinusitis group was destroyed and basement membrane edema was found. In the control group, Basement arranged in neat rows. The expression of ECP in sinusitis group and nasal polyps group was positive in the epithelium, submucosa and perivascular area and was tan, but the expression of ECP in nasal polyps was lower than that in nasal polyps. CONCLUSIONS: Activated eosinophils and degranulation in nasal polyps and epithelial cells are highly expressed in nasal polyp tissues, indicating that active inflammation occurs in sinusitis and / or nasal polyps and causes epithelial tissue damage And fall off, the final formation of nasal polyps.