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产业聚集是经济活动最为突出的地理特征,研究聚集经济的基本机理对于指导我国产业集聚区健康发展具有重要意义。文章以聚集经济的范围外部性本质作为分析起点,从生产者、消费者和政府三个角度系统总结了聚集经济的源泉。接着,从产业、时间和空间三个维度对聚集经济的特征进行了经验归纳。最后,针对区域发展中面临的新形势与新问题,从产业升级、产业结构升级和空间组织变换三个方面提出了地方化经济向城市化经济转换的途径。
Industrial agglomeration is the most prominent geographical feature of economic activity. Studying the basic mechanism of aggregate economy is of great significance for guiding the healthy development of industrial agglomeration area in our country. Taking the extrinsic nature of agglomeration economy as the starting point of analysis, the article systematically summarizes the sources of agglomeration economy from the perspectives of producers, consumers and the government. Then, from the three dimensions of industry, time and space, we summarized the characteristics of aggregate economy. Finally, aiming at the new situation and new problems that the regional development faces, this paper proposes the ways of transforming the local economy to the urbanized economy from three aspects: industrial upgrading, industrial structure upgrading and spatial organization transformation.