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清代流放逐渐改变了以前就偏就远的原则,开始强调惩治的合理性。一个重要特点就是流放地更加广泛,范围遍及全国,也更加具体,并制定出《道里表》,作为流放地选择的参照。《道里表》是在清代前期的司法实践过程中逐渐形成和完善的,并反过来指导了流放实践。《道里表》的制定使得国内形成了一个庞大而复杂的流放网络。面对执行过程中的各种现实问题,清廷不断进行调整,即体现在不断修订的各种版本的《道里表》中。内地军流,从合理性惩治的原则创制《道里表》并坚持视表配发;边疆发遣,则把人犯的惩治和边疆的开发结合起来。二者相辅相成,彼此照应,共同构成了清代的流放体系。
The exile of the Qing Dynasty gradually changed the principle of going far in the past and began to emphasize the rationality of punishment. An important feature is that it is exoteric and more extensive in scope and scope all over the country. It is also more specific and has formulated a “table of truth” as a reference for exile choice. Taoism was gradually formed and perfected in the judicial practice in the early Qing Dynasty, which in turn guided the practice of exile. The formulation of “Daoli Form” has led to the formation of a huge and complicated exile network in China. In the face of all kinds of real problems in the process of implementation, the Qing government constantly makes adjustments, which are embodied in various versions of “Dao Li Tiao” constantly revised. The military flow in the Mainland created “Daozhai Gauze” from the principle of reasonable punishment and insisted on dispatching the distribution of the total value of sight. When dispatching troops to the border, they combined the punishment of prisoners with the development of frontier areas. The two complement each other and take care of each other, together constitute the exile system of the Qing Dynasty.