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通过对杨树冰核细菌分离培养、活性测定和室内外接种试验,研究了冰核细菌的种类、分布、数量、致冻性和致病性,结果表明冰核活性(INA)细菌普遍存在于东北地区杨树上,在春秋季节霜冻条件下造成杨树冻害,是杨树冰核活性细菌溃疡病发生的主导因素。通过对不同杨树品种品评调查和人工接种试验,选出了适合东北不同地区的优良杨树抗病品种、品系。壮苗试验表明,将杨树插穗进行沙藏处理和地膜覆盖育苗可避免杨树霜冻害和旱害,减轻冰核细菌对杨树苗木的侵染,又能提高苗木的生长。利用强冰核活性细菌专化性抗血清技术,采用环状界面凝集法可早期检测杨树冰核细菌溃疡病。采用链霉素等诱导剂浸泡杨树插穗进行育苗,有明显的诱导抗病效果。在早春杨树萌芽前喷洒防冻保护剂对该病有一定防治效果。
The species, distribution, quantity, frost resistance and pathogenicity of ice nucleated bacteria were studied through the isolation, culture, activity test and in vitro and in vitro inoculation of poplar ice nuclei. The results showed that the ice nucleation active (INA) bacteria are common in the northeastern region of Yang Trees, frost in the spring and autumn conditions caused poplar frost damage, is the poplar ice core activity of bacterial ulcer disease leading factor. Through the investigation of different poplar varieties and artificial inoculation test, we selected the elite poplar resistant varieties and lines suitable for different regions of Northeast China. Seedling experiments showed that the poplar cuttings sand handling and plastic film mulching seedlings can prevent poplar frost damage and drought damage, reduce the infection of poplar seedlings by ice nucleating bacteria, but also improve seedling growth. The use of strong ice core activated bacteria specific antiserum technology, the use of circular interface agglutination method for early detection of poplar ice nucleation ulcer disease. Streptomycin and other inducers soaked in poplar cuttings, there is a clear induction of disease resistance. In the early spring poplar spraying antifreeze protective agent on the disease have a certain control effect.