一、前言碱性染料作为元素的显色剂用于萃取光度法中,已有近30年的历史。这类方法具有灵敏和选择性较好的优点,已获得了广泛的研究和应用。被应用的碱性染料主要可分为二大类:芳基甲烷类(三芳基甲烷、氧蒽染料等)和醌亚胺类。前者应用较广,有关的介绍和评述亦陆续有所报导;而后者迄今尚未见有专门的介绍。醌亚胺类碱性染料的应用,是在1957年以亚甲蓝萃取光度法测定硼开始的;前期,几乎主要是研究这一方法,进展较慢。近十年来,在大量实践的基础上,人们日益认识了这类染料在专一性和选择性方面的优越性,它们的应用亦有了较 First, the preamble Basic dye as an element of the developer for extraction spectrophotometry, has nearly 30 years of history. Such methods have the advantages of good sensitivity and selectivity, and have been widely studied and applied. The basic dyes used can be divided into two major categories: arylmethanes (triarylmethane, anthracene dyes, etc.) and quinoneimines. The former is widely used, and the related introduction and review are also reported one after another; while the latter has not yet seen any special introduction. The use of quinone imine basic dyes started with the determination of boron by the methylene blue extraction spectrophotometry in 1957; the previous study focused almost exclusively on this method and progressed slowly. Over the past decade, based on a large number of practices, people have come to recognize the superiority of specificity and selectivity of such dyes, and their application has also been more