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目的运用化学计量学的方法对云南省农村饮用水水质理化指标进行因子分析,通过各主因子的方差贡献对该地区水质特征进行研究。方法从原始数据标准化后的相关矩阵出发,提取占总方差50%以上的主因子,并对主因子做出合理的解释。结果利用SPSS 16.0软件分析可知前5个主因子累计方差贡献率为51.647%,分别对应的因子为氯化物、硫酸盐、溶解性总固体、总硬度因子,色度、浑浊度、铁、锰因子,肉眼可见物、耗氧量因子,硝酸盐、pH值因子,臭和味、氟化物、砷因子。结论该地区水质主要取决于水体本身的地质环境,生活污染、农业污染及工业污染影响并不是十分严重,并提示应该根据该地区的地质特点进行水处理,以减少地方性水性疾病发生。
Aim To use chemometrics methods to analyze the physical and chemical indexes of drinking water quality in rural areas of Yunnan Province, and to study the water quality characteristics of the region through the variance contribution of each main factor. Methods Starting from the normalized correlation matrix of the original data, the main factors which accounted for more than 50% of the total variance were extracted, and the main factors were explained reasonably. Results The SPSS 16.0 software analysis showed that the cumulative variance of the first five principal components was 51.647%, and the corresponding factors were chloride, sulfate, total dissolved solids, total hardness, color, turbidity, iron and manganese , Macroscopic, oxygen consumption, nitrate, pH factor, odor and taste, fluoride, arsenic factor. Conclusion The water quality in this area is mainly determined by the geological environment of the water body itself. The impacts of domestic pollution, agricultural pollution and industrial pollution are not serious, and suggest that water treatment should be conducted according to the geological characteristics of the area to reduce the occurrence of endemic waterborne diseases.