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绿色生产效率评价是评估中国生态文明建设和经济转型可行性的重要途径。基于“人地协调”理念和“过程+格局”思维,建立了衡量绿色生产效率的投入—产出指标,采用数据包络分析法对中国30个省(市、区)近10年的绿色生产效率进行测度,运用熵值法、基尼系数、探索性空间数据分析、空间自相关等方法,结合Arc GIS、Geoda软件,对中国2005-2014绿色生产效率差异以及空间格局的时空演变进行研究。结果表明:(1)2005-2014年中国绿色生产效率呈上升趋势,呈现从“大差距低水平”向“小差距高水平”转变的时序特征;(2)2005-2014年中国四大地区绿色生产效率呈现东部地区>东北地区>中部地区>西部地区的空间分异特征;(3)中国绿色生产效率呈现东高西低的率三级阶梯空间格局特征;(4)中国各省(市、区)绿色生产效率值与相邻地区存在相似性,表现出一定的空间集聚特征;(5)经济发展基础和差别化的资源环境区域政策是绿色生产效率区域差异的主要因素。
The evaluation of green production efficiency is an important way to evaluate the feasibility of China’s ecological civilization construction and economic restructuring. Based on the idea of “man-land coordination” and “process + pattern”, an input-output indicator to measure green production efficiency was established. Data envelopment analysis was used to analyze the data of 30 provinces (cities, districts) in China Year green productivity, using the methods of entropy, Gini coefficient, exploratory spatial data analysis and spatial autocorrelation, combined with Arc GIS and Geoda software, this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of green production efficiency and spatial pattern in China from 2005 to 2014 research. The results show that: (1) China’s green production efficiency is on an upward trend from 2005 to 2014, showing a time series of transition from the “low level with large gap” to the “high level with small gap”; (2) China The green production efficiency of the four major regions shows the spatial differentiation characteristics of the eastern region> the northeast region> the central region> the western region; (3) the rate of green production in China shows a three-tiered spatial pattern with high east-west rates; (4) (Cities and districts) have similarities with the adjacent areas and show certain characteristics of spatial agglomeration. (5) The regional economic and environmental policies based on economic development and differentiation are the main factors of regional differences in green productivity.