齿轮箱是机械传动中应用非常广泛的一种通用部件 ,一般由若干组齿轮、轴、轴承、离合器、拨叉、润滑装置及壳体等部分组成 ,承担着传递动力与运动的重任。在机器运行过程中 ,由于正常磨损与疲劳、设计不当、制造装配的误差、维护保养不善以及操作失误等原因均能导致故障的产生 Gearbox is a kind of common component which is widely used in mechanical transmission. It is usually composed of several sets of gears, shafts, bearings, clutches, shift forks, lubrication devices and housings, etc., which undertakes the task of transmitting power and movement. During the operation of the machine, failures can occur due to normal wear and tear, improper design, manufacturing and assembly errors, poor maintenance and operation errors