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纳米粒是指粒度在1～100 nm之间的粒子。纳米材料在医学和生物工程领域有许多应用，其具有的一些特点的物理性质，能够有效的引导药物进入特定的组织、特定的部位。长久以来，临床医生一直受到药物不良反应的困扰，多数药物由于药代动力学的原因，无法聚集在目标部位(组织、器官、细胞等)，科学家一直在寻求一种能够经各种途径进入体内，分布在目标部位的药物。该研究将就纳米粒子在靶向运输药物治疗中的特性、体内分布的特性及目前相关应用前景进行综述。“,”Nanoparticles refer to particles having a particle size between 1 and 100 nm.Nanomaterials also have many applications in medicine and bioengineering.They have some physical properties that can effectively guide drugs into specific tissues and specific sites.For a long time, clinicians have been plagued by adverse drug reactions.Most drugs cannot be concentrated in targeted sites(tissue, organs, cells, etc.) due to pharmacokinetics.Scientists have been seeking a way to enter through various channels.In vivo, a drug that is distributed at a targeted site.This article will review the characteristics of nanoparticles in targeted therapy, the characteristics of in vivo distribution and current relevant application prospects.