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图书发行业在我国已有很长的历史。西汉末的扬雄(前53—18)曾在《法言》中说到:“好学而不要诸仲尼,书肆也。”可见当时已有了“书肆”这种专门售书的场所。六朝人所著的《三辅黄图》中,还记载了西汉末期曾出现过图书发行集市——槐市。以后,历经东汉、三国、晋、南北朝、隋、唐、五代、宋、元,图书发行业一直在不断地发展着,到了明清,图书发行业已达到一个极盛的高峰,当时发行图书的各类店铺摊贩几乎遍布全国所有大小城镇及广大的乡村,读者“挟资入贾肆,可立致数万卷。”在这两千余年的不断发展过程中,我国古代的图书发行业已逐渐形成了一个完整的体系。本文拟从图书发行渠道、图书发行方法、图书发行方式、图书发行的定价与付款方式、图书的类型、图书发行宣传等几方面对这一体系作一剖析。 (一)图书发行渠道 我国古代图书发行的渠道多种多样,类型十分复杂。主要的有: (1)固定店铺
Book distribution industry in our country has a long history. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Yang Xiong (ex. 53-18) once said in his “Fa-wen”: “Studious rather than all-minded, book-bers.” We can see that there was already a bookshop specializing in “Bookstall” . Six people in the “three auxiliary yellow map”, also recorded in the late Western Han Dynasty had appeared in the book distribution market - Huai City. Later, after the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty and the Book Distribution Industry, the publishing industry has been constantly developing. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the book distribution industry had reached an exuberant peak. Almost all kinds of shops selling street vendors across the country and the vast majority of rural areas, the reader, “relying on funding Jia Si, can be made to tens of thousands of volumes.” In these two thousand years of continuous development, China’s ancient book distribution industry has gradually formed A complete system. This article intends to analyze this system from several aspects such as the distribution channels of books, the method of distribution of books, the way of distribution of books, the pricing and payment methods of books distribution, the type of books and the circulation of books. (A) the distribution channels of books China’s ancient library distribution channels varied, the type is very complicated. The main ones are: (1) fixed stores