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目的根据2013年全国登革热监测数据,分析我国登革热流行病学特征与趋势,探讨相应防治对策及建议。方法利用2013年“传染病报告信息管理系统”和5省监测点上报数据,进行回顾性描述分析。结果 2013年全国26个省(自治区、直辖市)共报告登革热病例4 663例,其中,本地感染病例4 293例,无死亡病例。报告发病数居前5位的省份依次为广东(2 894例)、云南(1 538例)、浙江(37例)、河南(36例)和福建(33例)。部分监测点高发季节布雷图指数显著高于预警值,提示传播风险较大。结论我国已存在登革热输入病例增加、多点本地暴发和重点地区蚊媒密度较高等诸多风险因素,发生登革热本地暴发的风险不断增加。加强病例与蚊媒监测,促进社会动员与部门合作,在疫情早期及时采取综合防控措施,是防止疫情蔓延的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of dengue fever in our country based on the 2013 national surveillance data of dengue fever and to explore the corresponding prevention measures and suggestions. Methods Using the 2013 Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System and the data reported by the 5 provincial monitoring sites, the retrospective analysis was conducted. Results In 2013, a total of 4663 cases of dengue fever were reported in 26 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), of which 4 293 were locally infected, with no deaths. The provinces with the top five incidences were Guangdong (2 894 cases), Yunnan (1 538 cases), Zhejiang (37 cases), Henan (36 cases) and Fujian (33 cases). Some monitoring points in the high season BREA index was significantly higher than the warning value, suggesting a greater risk of transmission. Conclusion There are many risk factors such as increased incidence of dengue fever, more local outbreaks and higher mosquito density in key areas in China. The risk of dengue fever outbreak continues to increase. Strengthening cases and mosquito vectors monitoring, promoting social mobilization and departmental cooperation, and timely and comprehensive prevention and control measures in the early stage of the epidemic are important measures to prevent the outbreak from spreading.