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通过记录沉积过程中每隔30 s的涂层质量,探讨了涂层材料转移的基本规律。结果表明,在电火花沉积过程中,涂层的质量呈抛物线状增加,初始沉积速率较高,随后逐渐降低,沉积120 s后趋于稳定。基体材料Cu和熔敷棒材料TiC的气化、熔敷棒的机械切削、热冲击造成脆性涂层的裂纹与分层脱落,是导致涂层沉积速度降低的主要因素。随电火花能量的增加,基体Cu的气化加强,从而减轻了涂层的质量增加,其中电压比电容的影响更明显。电火花制备TiC涂层应使用较高电压,并将沉积时间控制在120 s以内。
By recording the coating quality every 30 s during the deposition process, the basic rules of the coating material transfer were discussed. The results show that during the EDM deposition process, the coating quality increases parabolically, the initial deposition rate is higher, and then decreases gradually. After deposition for 120 s, the coating tends to be stable. Gasification of base material Cu and welding rod material TiC, mechanical cutting of welding rod, and thermal shock caused cracks and delamination of the brittle coating, which was the main factor leading to the decrease of coating deposition rate. With the increase of electric spark energy, the gasification of matrix Cu is strengthened, so the quality of the coating is reduced, and the effect of voltage is more obvious than the capacitance. TiC coatings prepared by EDM should use higher voltage and control the deposition time within 120 s.