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本文试图从中美两国在中国氟石出口贸易管制问题上的分歧出发,阐述 WTO 新一轮谈判中涉及的重要问题——贸易与环境问题。文章首先从经济利益和生态效益的不同角度提示该事件中两国各自的利益动机,然后从国际贸易法和国际环境法的不同视角分析这一事件。根据现有的世界贸易组织规则,中国政府的单边措施是合法的。但由于国内法和世贸规则存在种种不足,需要构建新的多边环境规则尤其是多边环境协定来应对此类分歧和争端。本文最后就此提出了一系列应对方案。
This article attempts to set out from the differences between China and the United States on the control of export trade of fluorite in China and elaborate on the important issues involved in the new round of WTO negotiations - trade and environment issues. The article first suggests the respective interest motives of the two countries from the perspectives of economic benefits and ecological benefits, and then analyzes the incident from the perspectives of international trade law and international environmental law. According to the existing rules of the World Trade Organization, the unilateral measures of the Chinese government are legal. However, due to various deficiencies in domestic laws and WTO rules, new multilateral environmental rules, especially multilateral environmental agreements, need to be established to deal with such differences and disputes. At the end of this article, a series of coping schemes are put forward.