目的研究内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗乡镇(苏木)卫生院卫生资源配置公平性,查找存在的问题,为和谐社会建设和政府决策提供科学依据。方法采用整群分层随机抽样的方法,对巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗9个乡镇(苏木)卫生院大型仪器设备、实有床位数等进行了调查,结果均采用SPSS15.0软件建立数据库进行统计分析,用数学软件Matlab7.0绘制Lorenz曲线并计算Gini系数值。结果 2004-2008年五年间乌拉特前旗乡镇(苏木)卫生院总建筑面积、大型仪器设备、实有床位数逐年增加,分别为:5 632.00、5 772.005、805.00、6 025.006、155.00;74.00、74.00、76.00、78.00、91.00;79.00、98.00、98.00、98.00、102.00;大型仪器设备、实有床位数按人口分布、地理分布的Gini系数分别为:0.05、0.38、0.22、0.27。结论巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗乡镇(苏木)卫生院规模、布局不尽合理,卫生资源拥有量较少,条件较差;但资源的公平性较为合理,而大型仪器设备资源的公平性要好于床位资源的公平性。 Objective To study the fairness of health resource allocation in township (Sumu) hospitals in Wulateqian Banner in Bayannao’er, Inner Mongolia, to find the existing problems and to provide a scientific basis for the construction of a harmonious society and government decision-making. Methods A cluster stratified random sampling method was used to investigate the large equipment, actual beds and so on in 9 towns (Sumu) hospitals in Wulateqianqi of Bayannur City. The results were all established by SPSS15.0 software Statistical analysis of the database, using mathematical software Matlab7.0 Lorenz curve and calculate Gini coefficient values. Results In the five years from 2004 to 2008, the total construction area, large-scale equipment, actual bed number of township (Sumu) hospitals in Wulateqian Banner increased year by year, which were respectively: 5 632.00,5 772.005,805.00,6 025.006,155.00; 74.00 , 74.00,76.00,78.00,91.00; 79.00,98.00,98.00,98.00,102.00; large-scale equipment, the actual number of beds distributed by population, geographical distribution of Gini coefficients were: 0.05,0.38,0.22,0.27. Conclusions The size and layout of township health centers in Wulateqianqi, Bayannur City, are not reasonable in scale and health resources, and the conditions are poor. However, the fairness of resources is more reasonable while the fairness of large-scale equipment resources Better than the fairness of bed resources.