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达尔(Darl)是威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)创作鼎盛时期的经典力作《我弥留之际》(As ILay Dying)中的突出人物。该作品结构、人物及故事情节相对独立、完整、较易读懂,但其新奇的叙事方式多变的写作技巧和深刻的内心描写却给读者带来许多困惑。本文拟用弗洛伊德精神分析法中的人格学说理论,从达尔出生时的本我(id)、成长过程中膨胀的自我(ego)、随后无意识缺失的超我(superego)、到最后不能被人理解、被送进疯人院的非我(non-ego)①,透视他的内心世界并试探性地讨论其社会意义。
Darl is a prominent figure in the classic As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner. The structure, characters and storyline of this work are relatively independent, complete and easy to understand. However, the quirky writing style and profound inner description of the novel’s narrative style have brought many puzzles to readers. This article intends to use the theory of personality in Freud psychoanalytic theory, starting with Dahl’s birth id, self-inflating ego, then superego without consciousness, It is understood that the non-ego, being sent to the asylum, looks through his inner world and tentatively discusses its social significance.