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儿童的合作和竞争行为是儿童社会化的一个主要方面,历来就受到儿童心理学家和教育家们的重视。近十几年来,儿童合作和竞争行为成为儿童社会化研究方面的热点。一、关于合作和竞争概念及理论所谓合作,即指愿意共同达到目标的行为或态度。当一些个体为了得到其所需而调整自己的行为时,就表现出了合作。竞争则是指希望超过他人而获得承认。早期的研究中,该领域只涉及合作与竞争两个变量,非此即彼,但Knight 和Kagan(1981)引进了一个新变量
Children’s cooperation and competition are a major aspect of children’s socialization and have traditionally been valued by child psychologists and educators. In the past decade or so, children’s cooperation and competition have become hot spots in social studies of children. First, on cooperation and competition concepts and theories of so-called cooperation, which means that they are willing to jointly achieve the goal of behavior or attitude. When some individuals adjust their behavior in order to get what they want, they show cooperation. Competition is the hope of gaining recognition over others. In the earlier study, the field involved only the two variables of cooperation and competition, but Knight and Kagan (1981) introduced a new variable