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土壤是荒漠生态系统的重要组成部分,沙化土地的治理与恢复是人们关注的重点。沙坡头人工固沙植被区的土壤经过50 a的恢复,已得到显著的发育。结皮及亚表土层厚度随固沙年代的增加而增大,土壤颗粒组成中粘粒和粉粒含量增多,土壤容重降低,有机质和氮、磷、钾等营养元素含量增加,流动风沙土已发育成为钙积旱成土。本文探讨了降尘、生物土壤结皮和土壤微生物对土壤恢复的影响,分析土壤发育与人工植被演替的相互作用,并提出了今后的研究重点方向。
Soil is an important part of the desert ecosystem. The governance and restoration of desertified land are the focus of attention. The soil in Shapotou artificial sand-fixing vegetation area has been significantly developed after 50 years of recovery. The thickness of crust and subsurface soil increased with the increase of sand-fixing time. The content of clay and silt increased, the soil bulk density decreased, the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased, and the flowable sandy soil had developed Into arid soil into calcium. In this paper, the effects of dustfall, biological soil crusts and soil microbes on soil restoration were discussed, and the interaction between soil development and artificial vegetation succession was analyzed. The future research directions were also proposed.