论文部分内容阅读
1.绪言1911年发现水银在约4K 下电阻变为零的超导现象。其后,对超导现象仅停止于物理方面的兴趣。1950年后发现 Nb、V 系高磁场超导性材料,从1960年以后开始进行对这些超导材料的应用及实用方面的研究。现在超导的应用很广泛,大型的应用有托克马克型核聚变反应堆用的直径为数米的螺旋管形线网以及粒子加速器、贮能器、磁流体发电、磁浮列车、输送电缆、磁分离等,小型应用如使用约瑟夫元件的超导量子干涉器
1. INTRODUCTION In 1911 it was found that superconductivity of mercury turned to zero at about 4K. Thereafter, the phenomenon of superconductivity ceased to be of physical interest. After 1950, Nb and V series high magnetic field superconducting materials were discovered. Since 1960, application and practical studies of these superconducting materials have been carried out. Nowadays, superconductivity is widely used. Large-scale applications include the toroidal tubular network with a diameter of several meters and the particle accelerator, energy storage, magnetoelectric power generation, maglev train, transmission cable, magnetic separation Etc., small applications such as superconducting quantum interference using Joseph elements