高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)是一种非常丰富的,进化高度保守的DNA捆绑蛋白,主要稳定核小体的结构和促进基因转录。近年研究发现,HMGB1在内毒素、细胞因子或其他如烧伤、休克、感染等因素的刺激下可过度表达分泌到细胞外,作为一种重要“晚期”炎性因子参与脓毒症。由于晚期释放的特点,使其可能成为脓毒症治疗的新靶点,以及相对于早期炎性因子更广的治疗“时间窗”。本文就HMGB1与脓毒症关系的研究进展进行综述。 High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a very abundant and evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding protein that mainly stabilizes the structure of nucleosomes and promotes gene transcription. In recent years, it has been found that HMGB1 is overexpressed and secreted into the cells under the stimulation of endotoxin, cytokines or other factors such as burn, shock, infection and the like, and is involved in sepsis as an important “late stage” inflammatory factor. Due to the characteristics of late release, making it possible to become a new target for the treatment of sepsis, as well as broader treatment of early inflammatory factors “window of time ”. This review summarizes the research progress on the relationship between HMGB1 and sepsis.