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在矿山回采机械的创制当中,使用各种类型的支架来控制顶板,是一个主要问题,因为用于控制顶板的劳动量要占用回采工作总劳动量的30—50%。此外,坑木损耗大(最大达每千吨70立方米)、工作面生产安全性保证不足以及支架劳动量大,都阻碍回采机械的工作,这些因素加在一起就促使人们创造高效设备。其中也包括单体支架和机械化支架。单体支架包括工作面金属支柱,密集支柱和顶梁,它的主要作用是代替木材,亦即最大限度地减少木材消耗,同时也缩减地面和井下的木材储运开支。机械化支架的用途较广,因为除了降低坑木消耗外,它还在支护与控制顶板方面,担负着使所有沉重过程尽可能机械化的任务,以及在使用某些种运程控制的支架时,使许多生产过程自动
The use of various types of brackets to control roofing is a major problem in the creation of mine recovery machinery, as the amount of labor required to control roofs occupies 30-50% of the total amount of work in recovery. In addition, large pit losses (up to 70 cubic meters per thousand tons), inadequate safety of work surface guarantees and a large amount of work on the support wall all hinder the work of mining machinery. Together, these factors drive the creation of efficient equipment. These include monolithic and mechanized stents. Monolithic supports, including metal supports, dense pillars and roof beams, are used primarily to replace wood, minimizing timber consumption while also reducing timber storage costs for surface and underground operations. The mechanized scaffolding is more versatile because, in addition to reducing pit consumption, it also has the task of maximizing all heavy processes as far as supporting and controlling the roof, and in the case of certain types of schedulas, Many production processes are automatic