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在泰国,漆器艺术和生漆工业已经成为一个重要且多交叉的学科。在泰国传统工艺品的制作过程中,工匠们所使用的生漆主要从Gluta usitata和Gluta laccifera等漆树采取,部分则是从中国进口,系Rhus verniciflua等漆树所产生漆。传统的泰国生漆工艺包括印刷技术、螺钿和珍珠镶嵌技术,以及建筑装饰工程、雕塑等领域。由于生漆是从漆树获得,所以泰国政府的禁止伐木政策致使生漆的产量非常低,已经成为泰国生漆工艺和生漆工业发展的桎梏。本文就泰国生漆的历史、生漆工艺的沿革、生漆工业的发展、漆树的品种以及存在的问题作了综述,并展望了泰国生漆的将来,使读者对泰国的生漆发展史有个较为具体的了解。
In Thailand, lacquer art and lacquer industry have become an important and multidisciplinary subject. In the process of making Thai traditional handicrafts, the raw lacquers used by artisans are mainly taken from lacquer trees such as Gluta usitata and Gluta laccifera, and partly from Chinese lacquer, such as Rhus verniciflua. Traditional Thai lacquer technology includes printing technology, snail and pearl inlaid technology, as well as architectural decoration works, sculpture and other fields. Since raw lacquer is obtained from lacquer trees, the ban on logging by the Thai government has resulted in a very low yield of lacquer and has become a staple in the development of lacquer and lacquer industries in Thailand. This article reviews the history of raw lacquer in Thailand, the history of raw lacquer technology, the development of lacquer industry, the varieties of lacquer tree and the existing problems. The future of lacquer in Thailand is also forecasted, giving readers a more concrete understanding of the history of lacquer in Thailand. .