在农村社会,大学生村官作用的发挥既受到国家政策意图的影响,又受到基层社会情境的制约。为此,本文在“国家与社会”关系理论框架的基础上提出“国家政策的逻辑—行动者—农村社会的逻辑”的分析框架来解释大学生村官在农村社会中发挥的作用及其所面临的困境。通过对杜镇的案例研究,我们发现:大学生村官作用的发挥不仅需要依赖于良好的政策设计,而且需要充分考量政策运行的社会基础。亦即,国家政策与基层社会的有效协调是大学生村官在农村社会中发挥作用的关键。国家在推行大学生村官政策时,只有充分考量国家政策意图与基层社会情理之间的关系,才能解开羁绊,更好地发挥他们在农村社会中的积极作用。 In rural society, the role played by college students and village officials is not only affected by the intention of the state policy, but also constrained by the social situation of the grassroots. Therefore, on the basis of the theoretical framework of the relationship between state and society, this paper puts forward the analytical framework of “the logic of state policy - the logic of actors - rural society” to explain the role that college village officials play in rural society And the difficulties it faces. Through the case study of Duzhen, we find that the role played by college village officials depends not only on good policy design, but also on the social basis of policy operation. That is, the effective coordination of state policies and grass-roots society is the key to the role of college graduate village officials in rural society. Only when we fully consider the relationship between the intentions of state policies and those of grass-roots society, can the state unfetk its fetters and give full play to their active role in rural society.