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运用经济增长理论,以新经济增长模型为基础,对我国东中西部各地区1978～1998年劳动、资本、技术的增长率及对GDP的贡献进行分析,比较东中西部地区在要素投入增长、全要素生产率增长对经济增长贡献方面的差异。结果表明:我国现阶段的经济增长主要还是靠要素投入来拉动;但经济发达的江苏、浙江、广东、上海和北京这些省市的固定资产投资已经趋于饱和,其投资的边际产出已经很低,造成其资本利用效率低下,应着重进行技术创新,提高全要素生产率的贡献。而西部地区的省市应该是资金首先投向的地方。由于先阶段一个地区的经济增长率主要由其资本增长率决定,因此,西部开发要把重点放在提高各省市的资本生产率,即要提高其资金的使用效率,进而提高整个地区的综合生产率。
Based on the economic growth theory and the new economic growth model, this paper analyzes the growth rates of labor, capital and technology and the contribution to GDP in all regions of eastern, central and western regions from 1978 to 1998, compares the growth of factor inputs in eastern, central and western regions, Differences in contribution of total factor productivity growth to economic growth. The results show that the current economic growth in our country is mainly driven by the input of factors. However, the investment in fixed assets in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Shanghai and Beijing, which are economically developed, has become saturated. The marginal product of investment has been very high Low, resulting in inefficient capital utilization, we should focus on technological innovation and increase the contribution of total factor productivity. The provinces and cities in the western region should be where funds first to invest. Since the economic growth rate of a region in the first phase is mainly determined by its capital growth rate, the development of the western region should focus on improving the capital productivity of all provinces and municipalities, that is, increasing the efficiency of its capital utilization and hence improving the overall productivity of the entire region.