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公路属于社会的基础设施,是社会公益事业,是一个国家或地区经济发展的前提和保障。1984年国务院第54次常务会议做出了“贷款修路、收费还贷”的规定,1987年颁布的《中华人民共和国公路法》为我国公路收费制度提供了法律依据。目前我国高速公路收费制度存在的主要问题:公路收费制度的法律法规有待继续完善;公路收费标准制定过程中信息不对称;公路收费标准的制定和调整未能反映各方利益诉求。完善我国高速公路收费制度的政策建议:继续完善我国公路收费制度的法律法规;加强高速公路收费制定中的信息披露和监督制度;完善高速公路的投融资体制和方式。
The road belongs to the social infrastructure, is a social welfare undertaking, and is the prerequisite and guarantee for the economic development of a country or a region. In 1984, the 54th executive meeting of the State Council made the stipulation that “the loan is repaired and the loan repayable at a fixed fee”. The “Highway Law of the People’s Republic of China” promulgated in 1987 provided the legal basis for the toll collection system in our country. At present, the main problems existing in toll collection system in China are: the laws and regulations of toll collection system need to be further improved; the information asymmetry in the process of formulating toll collection standards; the formulation and adjustment of toll collection standards can not reflect the interests of all parties. Improve the toll system of China’s highway policy recommendations: continue to improve China’s highway toll system laws and regulations; to strengthen highway toll formulation information disclosure and supervision system; improve the highway investment and financing system and method.