形而上学和唯物辩证的认识论是相互对立的哲学观点。前者总是孤立、静止、片面地看问题;而后者主张全面地、联系地、发展地认识事物。小学语文课堂时下的种种困惑,如工具性与人文性的对立,教师主导与学生主体的矛盾,多元感悟与价值导向的 Metaphysics and materialist dialectical epistemology are diametrically opposite philosophical views. The former always isolated, static, one-sided view of the problem; while the latter advocates a comprehensive, linked to the development of understanding of things. The current confusion in the Chinese class of primary school, such as the confrontation between instrumentalism and humanism, the contradiction between teacher-led and student-centered, pluralistic sentiment and value orientation