一、黄河下游堤防存在的隐患类型黄河下游大堤,年代久远,解放前,黄河大堤一般高3～6米,顶宽4～8米,质量很差。解放后,工程技术人员沿堤线反复调查,并进行了锥探,发现大堤存在的隐患普遍而严重。归纳起来有以下几种类型: (一)堤身隐患 1.动物洞穴,如獾孤洞、地鼠洞等; 2.人造洞,如军沟碉堡、排水沟藏人洞等; 3.树根腐朽形成的洞穴; 4.雨水冲刷而成的水沟浪窝; 5.堤下压有腐朽料物,因而堤土沉陷所发生的裂缝; 6.修堤质量不好,如修堤未经压实,土质多沙,以及施工接合部接 First, the hidden dangers existing in the embankment of the lower reaches of the Yellow River The embankment of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, long before the liberation, the Yellow River embankment is generally 3 to 6 meters high, the top width of 4 to 8 meters, poor quality. After the liberation, engineers and technicians repeatedly surveyed along the embankment and carried out conical exploration and found that the hidden dangers of the embankment were widespread and serious. To sum up, there are the following types: (A) the hidden dangers of the dike 1. Animal caves, such as the Badger solitary hole, Hamster hole; 2. Man-made holes, such as military ditch bunkers, The formation of decay cave; 4. The rain washed into the ditch waves nest; 5. Embankment under the pressure of decaying material, which embankment subsidence occurred cracks; 6. Repair dike quality is not good, such as repair embankment uncompacted , Sandy soil, and the construction of the Ministry of access