碳元素有两种同质多象变体——等铀晶系的金刚石和六方晶系(2H 多型)或三方晶系(2R 多型)的石墨。美国霍夫曼小组在研究星际尘埃时,无意中合成了碳的第三种晶体形式——布基球(buckyball)。布基球由60个碳原子组成,共有32个晶面,其中12个正五边形,20个正六边形,外形近乎完美的球体。由于这种晶体结构形态稳定,所以它可以在外部或在“笼”内与其他原子连接而组成分子。一些专家认为,布基球是继高温超导材料之后的 There are two homogeneous polymorphic variants of carbon - diamond and hexagonal (2H polytype) or trigonal (2R polytype) graphite of uranium series. When studying the interstellar dust, the U.S. Huffman team inadvertently synthesized the third crystal form of carbon - the buckyball. Buckyball consists of 60 carbon atoms, a total of 32 crystal planes, of which 12 are regular pentagons, 20 regular hexagons, almost spherical shape. Because of its stable morphology, this crystal structure can be composed of molecules either externally or in “cages” linked to other atoms. Some experts believe that Burkina ball following the high-temperature superconducting materials