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上海城市方言在形成过程中,出现了一些有意思的语言变项,如最近发现“E韵”有/ei/变体,这在本土上海方言中从没有。文章用实验语音学、社会语言学的方法,初步探索一代移民对这批E韵字的习得。发现:(1)人数占优的一代移民会保留一些母语特征,人数不占优的走合并之路;(2)女性一代移民比男性一代移民更倾向合并成[E];(3)合并成[E]是总趋势,人数不占优的一代移民走得更快,女性走得更快。
Some interesting linguistic variables emerged during the formation of the Shanghai urban dialect, such as the recent discovery that there was / ei / variant, which was never found in the local Shanghai dialect. The article uses the methods of experimental phonetics and sociolinguistics to explore the acquisition of these E-rhymes by a generation of immigrants. Found that: (1) the generation of immigrants with the largest population retain some of the characteristics of mother tongue, the number of mergers taking the advantage of the number of the merger; (2) the female generation of immigrants than the male generation of immigrants are more likely to merge into [E]; (3) [E] is the general trend, the generation of immigrants who are not dominant in numbers go faster and women go faster.