我们读唐宋元明的诗词曲或白话小说,常常碰见一些当时的口语或习用语,如“兀的”、“遮莫”、“早是”、“其高”、“酩子里”、“既不沙”、“弟子孩儿”、“不伏烧埋”等等,很难理解。这种情况,在读《尚书》、《楚辞》时也会碰见。可是《尚书》、《楚辞》中的口语习用语经过历代训诂学家的研究,基本上算是弄懂了,而诗词曲、元明白话小说中的口语习用语,自来没有专书 We read poetry or vernacular novels of Yuan and Tang dynasties in Tang and Song dynasties. We often encounter some of the colloquial or idioms we used at that time, such as “Wu”, “Cover Mo”, “Early”, “High”, “ Not sand ”,“ disciple child ”,“ not buried ”and so on, it is difficult to understand. This situation, when reading “Shang Shu”, “Chu Ci” will meet. However, the study of oral idioms in Shangshu and Chu Ci has basically been understood by the scholars of ancient dynasties, and there is no special book