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基于野外定点监测的方法,于2012年9月~2013年8月对四面山常绿阔叶林大气降水、穿透水、枯透水、土壤渗滤液进行了持续1 a的氮、硫湿沉降动态变化的研究.结果表明:四面山大气降水全年p H平均值为4.89,最大值为5.14,大气降水明显偏酸性;土壤层和林冠层能使降雨的p H值有所升高,其中土壤层对p H值的调升幅度最大,其次为森林冠层;森林冠层对NO-3、NO-2、SO2-4有一定的吸附净化作用,平均截留率分别为56.68%、45.84%、35.51%;研究结果也表明:枯枝落叶的降解是导致各离子质量浓度在枯透水中增加的原因;森林土壤能够吸附中和NO-3、SO2-4、NH+4,释放出NO-2.中亚热带常绿阔叶林生态系统对大气降水中NO-3、NO-2、NH+4、SO2-4的总截留率分别为92.86%、57.86%、87.24%、87.25%,对酸性降雨有一定的缓冲作用.
Based on the field fixed-point monitoring method, atmospheric precipitation, permeable water, seepage water and soil leachate in the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Simian Mountain were subjected to nitrogen and sulfur wet deposition for 1 year from September 2012 to August 2013 The results showed that the mean p H of Simian Mountain was 4.89 and the maximum was 5.14 in the whole year, and the precipitation was obviously acidic. The soil layer and canopy had a higher p H value, The highest p H value was increased by the layer, followed by the forest canopy. The canopy had some adsorption and purification effects on NO-3, NO-2 and SO2-4, with the average rejection rates of 56.68% and 45.84% 35.51%. The results also showed that the degradation of litter was the reason for the increase of ion concentration in the seepage water. The forest soil could adsorb and neutralize NO-3, SO2-4 and NH + 4 and release NO-2 . The total retention rates of NO-3, NO-2, NH + 4 and SO2-4 in the precipitation in the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem were 92.86%, 57.86%, 87.24% and 87.25% Have a buffer effect.