从河南和陕西既往献血感染的109份HIV-1阳性血浆样本中提取病毒RNA,扩增并测定其gag全长基因序列。按照采样时间对序列进行分组并利用Entropy软件分析不同组别的氨基酸序列差异。结果表明,2004年、2005年的序列与2002年的序列比较,分别存在8个和13个氨基酸组成有统计学意义的位点,其中有5个位点在两组比较中同时出现。存在差异的16个氨基酸位点中,10个位点的氨基酸分布呈现多态性增加的趋势,其中8个位点被我国人群主要HLA递呈的CTL表位覆盖;6个位点的氨基酸分布呈现多态性减少的趋势,这些位点均位于Gag蛋白重要的功能区内。 The viral RNA was extracted from 109 HIV-1-positive plasma samples from previous blood donors in Henan and Shaanxi Provinces. The full-length gag gene sequence was amplified and sequenced. The sequences were grouped by sampling time and the amino acid sequence differences of different groups were analyzed using Entropy software. The results showed that in 2004 and 2005, compared with the sequence of 2002, there were statistically significant sites of 8 and 13 amino acids, of which 5 loci appeared simultaneously in the two groups. Among the 16 amino acid residues with the difference, the amino acid distribution of ten loci showed an increase in polymorphism, of which eight loci were covered by the CTL epitopes presented by the major HLA in our population. The amino acid distribution at six loci Showing a trend of decreasing polymorphism, these sites are located in Gag protein important functional areas.