病毒从一株植物到另一株植物的传播有许多途径,如:机械传播、嫁接和芽接,此外,真菌、类菌原质体和其它微生物也可以把植物病毒从一个寄主传到另一个寄主。然而上述这些途径、大多数是关于病毒的水平传播,一般只涉及植物的同一代;但是病毒不仅可以跨过地理的距离在同一代的作物间 There are many ways in which a virus can spread from one plant to another, such as mechanical transmission, grafting and budding. In addition, fungi, protoplasts, and other microbes can also transmit plant viruses from one host to another . However, most of these approaches are concerned with the horizontal transmission of the virus and generally involve only the same generation of plants; however, the virus can not only cross geographical distances between the same generation of crops