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目的对中青年吸烟者的戒烟意愿进行调查,并分析有无戒烟意愿的人口分布特点和影响因素,为制定戒烟策略和促进戒烟提供依据。方法由经过培训的调查员,采取街头随机问卷调查方法,2015年4月至12月在南京市区进行调查。调查对象纳入标准:18~60岁,男女不限,到调查之日吸烟支数已经≥100支,且调查时仍在吸烟、近期和现在无需到医院或健康咨询机构就诊或接受服务的吸烟者。数据纳入SPSS 22.0软件进行处理和统计分析。结果共调查630名吸烟者,有戒烟意愿290名,无戒烟意愿340名。戒烟意愿的分布在不同职业间有统计学差异(P<0.01)。有戒烟意愿者中认为戒烟困难的比例高于无戒烟意愿者,差异有统计学意义(77.6%vs71.5%,χ2=7.88,P<0.01)。有戒烟意愿的吸烟者愿意戒烟的原因“害怕生病”为47.3%,“同事或家人反对”占30.3%。无戒烟意愿者不愿意戒烟的原因“吸烟很舒服(酷)”占68.2%。结论职业对戒烟意愿有影响,对自身健康的重视和担忧是愿意戒烟的主要原因,而对烟草生理和心理的依赖是导致不愿戒烟的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the smoking cessation intention of middle-aged and young smokers, and to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of the population with or without the will of smoking cessation, so as to provide the basis for making smoking cessation strategies and promoting smoking cessation. Methods The trained investigators took the random street survey method and conducted a survey in Nanjing City from April to December in 2015. Inclusion criteria: 18 to 60 years of age, male or female is not limited, the number of cigarettes on the survey date has been more than 100, and the survey is still smoking, the recent and now do not need to go to hospital or health advisory services or smokers . Data is processed and statistically analyzed by SPSS 22.0 software. Results A total of 630 smokers were surveyed, 290 were willing to quit smoking, and 340 were willing to quit smoking. The distribution of smoking cessation intention was statistically significant among different occupations (P <0.01). There were more smoking quitters than those who did not quit, the difference was statistically significant (77.6% vs 71.5%, χ2 = 7.88, P <0.01). The reasons why smokers with the willingness to quit smoking are willing to quit smoking are 47.3% for “fear of illness” and 30.3% for “colleagues or family members opposed”. The reason why non-smoking volunteers are not willing to quit smoking is very comfortable (cool) "accounted for 68.2%. Conclusion Occupation has an impact on smoking cessation intention, and the importance and concern for one’s own health are the main reasons for being willing to quit smoking. However, the dependence on tobacco physiology and psychology is the main reason leading to reluctance to quit smoking.