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从民国初年到五四前夕,中国政局经历了一个由统一到分裂的过程,知识分子亦经历了一个对民国政治充满希望到失望的过程。在这两个相关联的过程中,怀着对以往经历的反思,感受着来自国外的世界潮流,中国知识分子观察社会政治问题的着眼点,同民国前的戊戌、辛亥时代相比,发生了若干显著的变化。本文试把这些变化归纳为以下四个方面:
From the beginning of the Republic of China to the eve of May 4, the political situation of China experienced a process of unification and division, and the intellectuals went through a process of disappointment with hope and hope for the politics of the Republic. In these two related processes, with the reflection on the past experiences and feelings of the world trend from abroad, the focus of Chinese intellectuals on the observation of social and political issues occurred in comparison with the pre-Republican times of the Reform Movement of 1898 and the Revolution of 1911 A few significant changes. This article attempts to summarize these changes in the following four areas: