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[目的]探讨孕期健康及行为相关因素对足月新生儿低出生体重的影响。[方法]采用队列研究,将上海某区孕期<20周的孕早期妇女纳入队列,最后分娩单胎足月活产儿的孕妇共2 768人。采用χ2检验和logistic回归分析孕期被动吸烟、文化程度、经济状况等因素和低出生体重的关系。[结果]在2 768名产妇中,有1 284人(46.4%)至少在孕早期或孕晚期有二手烟暴露的情况,孕妇低身高(模型1:OR=0.9,95%CI为0.840~0.996;模型2:OR=0.9,95%CI为0.860~0.998)及怀孕后患有疾病(模型1:OR=2.7,95%CI为1.1~6.5;模型2:OR=2.7,95%CI为1.1~6.6)会增加发生低出生体重儿的风险,孕早期或孕晚期的被动吸烟史对胎儿的出生体重没有影响。[结论]本研究并未发现孕期被动吸烟与胎儿低出生体重发生率之间的关联。
[Objective] To investigate the effects of pregnancy-related health and behavior-related factors on low birth weight of full-term newborns. [Methods] By using cohort study, pregnant women in a certain area of Shanghai during <20 weeks of pregnancy were enrolled in a cohort. The total number of pregnant women who gave birth to single-term and full-term live births was 2,768. Χ2 test and logistic regression analysis of passive smoking during pregnancy, educational level, economic status and other factors and the relationship between low birth weight. [Results] Among 2 768 mothers, 1 284 (46.4%) had exposure to second-hand smoke at least in the first trimester or the third trimester, with low height (model 1: OR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.840-0.996 ; Model 2: OR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.860 to 0.998) and disease after pregnancy (model 1: OR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 6.5; 6.6) increases the risk of developing low birth weight infants, and the history of passive smoking during the first trimester or third trimester has no effect on the birth weight of the fetus. [Conclusion] This study did not find the association between passive smoking during pregnancy and the incidence of fetal low birth weight.