感冒的病原普通感冒是一种病毒性呼吸道感染疾患,由多种病毒引起,不是一个独立疾病,统称普通感冒。普通感冒的病原包括流感病毒(多为乙型及丙型)、副流感病毒、呼吸道融合细胞病毒、鼻病毒、腺病毒、柯萨奇病毒、埃可病、冠状病毒以及其他呼吸道、肠道病毒等。不同地区、季节、年龄、病原不一样,其中以鼻病毒较多见。另外也有少数是由于细菌引起的,如链球菌、肺支原菌、流感杆菌、金色葡萄球菌以及肺炎球菌等。流行性感冒是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病。流感病毒有两种抗原。存在病毒内部的为可溶性抗原,用补体结合试验可以测定,根据其抗原性的不同,流感病毒可分为甲、乙、丙三型,另一种抗原存在病毒表面的尖状突起,用补体结合试验,血凝抑制试验和中和试验均能测定。表面抗原可发生变异,尤其是甲型病毒极易发生变异而产生新 Cold common cold is a viral respiratory infection caused by a variety of viruses, not an independent disease, collectively known as the common cold. Common cold pathogens include influenza virus (mostly type B and C), parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, coxsackie, echovirus, coronavirus and other respiratory, enterovirus Wait. Different regions, seasons, ages, different pathogens, including rhinovirus more common. In addition there are a few due to bacteria, such as Streptococcus, Mycobacterium lung, influenza bacilli, Staphylococcus aureus and pneumococcus and so on. Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by the flu virus. The flu virus has two antigens. The existence of the internal virus for the soluble antigen, complement fixation test can be determined, according to its antigenicity, influenza virus can be divided into A, B, C three types, the other antigen exists on the surface of the virus spikes, with complement fixation Test, hemagglutination inhibition test and neutralization test can be determined. Variants of surface antigens can occur, in particular, the virus is highly susceptible to mutation