在“1981～1990年苏联经济和社会发展基本方针”中指出,必须进一步扩大现有企业技术更新和技术改造的规模,以新型高效设备装备企业。对于矿山生产,特别是露天采矿生产,设备所以必须更新,是因为设备的单机功率不足,可靠性和耐久性差,以及设备的有形和无形磨损都不能令人满意,特别是露天矿 In the Basic Policy of the Soviet Union for Economic and Social Development from 1981 to 1990, it was pointed out that it is necessary to further expand the scale of technological upgrading and technological transformation of existing enterprises and equip enterprises with new-type high-efficiency equipment. For mine production, especially for open-pit mining, the equipment must be renewed because of insufficient stand-alone power, poor reliability and durability, as well as the physical and intangible wear of the equipment, notably the open pit