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目的分析当前越秀地区0~13岁儿童血钙、铜、铁、镁和锌水平的缺乏情况,为科学指导儿童合理补充微量、常量元素提供理论依据。方法采用原子吸收光谱法对3 475例0~13岁儿童的末梢血进行五种元素检测。按年龄大小分成0~1、1~3、4~7、8~13岁四个年龄组,总分析人群按性别分为男女两组,采用t检验及χ~2检验进行分析。结果越秀区儿童存在不同程度的常、微量元素缺乏情况,其中锌、铁、钙缺乏情况最为严重,缺锌居第1位(24%),缺钙居第2位(6.1%)。钙的缺乏率随年龄增大而增大(P<0.05);锌的缺乏率随着年龄增大而减低,以婴儿组缺乏最明显;五种元素男女缺乏率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该地区儿童各常量及微量元素均存在一定的缺乏情况,随着年龄的增长呈动态变化,需定期检测,及时根据年龄及性别的情况调整饮食结构或给予合理的药物补充。
Objective To analyze the current lack of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium and zinc in 0 ~ 13-year-old children in Yuexiu district and provide theoretical basis for scientific guidance of children to rationally supplement trace and constant elements. Methods Five kinds of elements were detected by atomic absorption spectrometry in 3 475 children aged 0-13 years. According to the age, they were divided into four groups: 0 ~ 1, 1 ~ 3, 4 ~ 7 and 8 ~ 13 years old. The total analysis population was divided into two groups according to gender, using t test and χ ~ 2 test. Results Children in Yuexiu District had different levels of regular and trace elements deficiency. Among them, zinc, iron and calcium deficiency were the most serious. Zinc deficiency was the first (24%) and calcium deficiency was the second (6.1%). The calcium deficiency rate increased with age (P <0.05); zinc deficiency rate decreased with age, the most obvious lack of infant group; five elements of men and women lack of rate, the difference was not statistically significant ( P> 0.05). Conclusion There are some deficiencies in children’s constant and trace elements in children in this area. They change dynamically with the growth of age. They should be tested regularly and the diet structure should be adjusted according to the age and sex in time or with reasonable drug supplementation.