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采用田间试验的方法,研究了不同氮钾肥配施对吉林省湿润冷凉区玉米产量及植株钾素吸收积累动态变化的影响。结果表明:在磷肥施用量相同(P2O5200 kg/hm2)的条件下,适宜的氮钾配施可显著提高玉米产量,氮、钾对玉米产量的影响效果表现为N>K;植株钾素积累量随植株生长呈现先增加后降低的趋势,氮钾配施处理植株钾素积累量均高于单施氮肥或钾肥处理,其中氮钾配施量为N 300 kg/hm2、K2O 200 kg/hm2时植株钾素积累量最大,为372.4 kg/hm2;适宜的氮钾配施可提高植株生长前期钾素吸收速率和阶段积累量,并使生育后期阶段积累量维持在较高水平,且可获得较高的钾肥利用率、钾吸收效率和钾肥偏生产力。综合考虑产量和钾素吸收利用效率等因素,吉林省湿润冷凉区在施P2O5200 kg/hm2条件下,施N 300 kg/hm2,配施K2O 200 kg/hm2,即可获得较高的钾吸收利用效率,也可获得较高的产量,可达12.04 t/hm2。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on the dynamic changes of corn yield and plant potassium uptake and accumulation in humid and cool areas in Jilin Province. The results showed that suitable N and K fertilizers could significantly increase the yield of maize under the same P2O5200 kg / hm2 application rate. The effects of nitrogen and potassium on maize yield were shown as N> K. Potassium accumulation With the growth of plants showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing, the potassium accumulation in plants treated with N and K was higher than those treated with N or K alone. The N and K fertilizers were N 300 kg / hm2 and K2O 200 kg / hm2 The maximum accumulation of potassium in plant was 372.4 kg / hm2. Appropriate combination of nitrogen and potassium could increase the rate of potassium absorption and accumulation in the early stage of plant growth, and maintain the accumulation in late growth stage to a higher level, High potassium utilization, potassium absorption efficiency and potash partial productivity. Taking into account factors such as yield and K absorption and utilization efficiency, high potassium uptake can be obtained by applying N 300 kg / hm2 and applying K2O 200 kg / hm2 under P2O5200 kg / hm2 in wet and cool area in Jilin Province. Use of efficiency, but also get a higher yield, up to 12.04 t / hm2.