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目的了解周宁县肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行病学特征和宿主动物种属构成及带毒情况,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法收集周宁县2011—2015年HFRS病例资料。监测宿主动物鼠类:笼夜法捕鼠,对捕获鼠种类鉴定后取肺组织进行HV抗原检测和分型,计算鼠密度及鼠带毒率。结果周宁县2011—2015年HFRS年均发病率12.7/10万,10~12月秋冬季为发病高峰(61.1%),病例性别比2∶1,以青壮年农民为主;全县9个乡镇7个有病例报告,浦源和狮城镇发病数占65.3%。共布笼8 750笼次,补获鼠类361只(室内321只,室外40只),鼠密度4.1%(室内5.8%,室外1.3%),带毒率6.7%(室内7.2%,室外2.5%);室内以褐家鼠(64.3%)、黄胸鼠(24.7%)为主,二者携带Ⅱ型病毒,室外以针毛鼠和社鼠为主(8.0%),黑线姬鼠携带Ⅰ型病毒。结论周宁县出血热疫情仍处高位,应加大灭鼠力度,推广出血热疫苗接种。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Zhouning County and the species composition and virulence of the host animal and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment measures. Methods The data of HFRS from 2011 to 2015 in Zhouning County were collected. Host mice were monitored: Cage night catching rat, after capturing the type of mouse, the lung tissue was taken for HV antigen detection and typing, and the rat density and the rat virulence rate were calculated. Results The annual incidence of HFRS in Zhouning from 2011 to 2015 was 12.7 / 100 000, the peak incidence in autumn and winter from Dec. to Dec. (61.1%), the sex ratio of cases was 2:1, mainly young and middle-aged peasants. Nine townships There are 7 case reports, Puyuan and Lion town incidence accounted for 65.3%. A total of 8 750 cages were co-distributed, with 361 rodents (321 indoors and 40 outdoors), rat density 4.1% (indoor 5.8% and outdoor 1.3%), and 6.7% (64.3%) and Rattus flavipectus (24.7%), both of which carried type Ⅱ virus, mainly male and female rats (8.0%), and black rats Type virus. Conclusion The outbreak of hemorrhagic fever in Zhouning County is still at a high level. Intensification efforts should be intensified to promote the vaccination of hemorrhagic fever.