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清朝末年政治结构开始近代转型,中国几千年来国家政权止于县的状况发生改变,国家权力轨道向乡村铺设,公权力延伸到县以下。事权与财权是密不可分的,公共权力的下移必然要求财权的下移,随着乡村治理的近代转型,清末乡镇财政也开始了近代性变迁。由于诸多复杂因素的影响,清末乃至中国近代乡镇财政的转型不仅没有稳固基层政权,反而动摇了政府的统治根基。
The political structure in the last years of the Qing Dynasty began a modern transition. The state of the state power in China has been changing from county to county for thousands of years. State power has been laid to the countryside and the public power has been extended to the county level. The power and the power are inextricably linked. The downward movement of public power necessarily requires the downward movement of financial power. With the modern transformation of rural governance, the financial responsibility of the towns and villages in the late Qing Dynasty has also begun the vicissitudes of modernity. Due to the influence of many complicated factors, the transition of the finance in the modern townships in the late Qing Dynasty and even in China not only failed to stabilize the grassroots political power, but shaken the foundation of the government.