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目的探讨影响西藏地区妊娠期妇女发生贫血的危险因素,为其防治提供科学依据。方法采用病例对照研究设计,选取2015年5-10月山南地区贡嘎县人民医院新诊断妊娠期妇女贫血患者为病例组,同期同一医院妊娠期妇女为对照组,采用问卷调查收集相关危险因素的暴露情况并加以分析。结果共收集病例组72例,对照组71例。单因素分析显示胎次、孕周、食用肉蛋数量、食用新鲜水果蔬菜数量、饮用酥油茶数量和是否了解孕妇贫血的危害等差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示胎次、食用肉蛋数量及新鲜水果的数量、饮用酥油茶数量和是否了解贫血的危害差异有统计学意义。结论饮食结构不均衡以及缺乏贫血相关知识是该地区妇女妊娠期发生贫血的主要危险因素。
Objective To explore the risk factors affecting anemia in pregnant women in Tibet and provide a scientific basis for their prevention and treatment. Methods The case-control study design was used to select the newly diagnosed women with anemia in Gonggar County People’s Hospital of Shannan from May to October 2015 as the case group and the same period pregnant women in the same hospital as the control group. The questionnaires were used to collect the relevant risk factors Exposed and analyzed. Results A total of 72 cases were collected in the case group and 71 cases in the control group. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gestational age, gestational age, the number of meat and eggs consumed, the amount of fresh fruits and vegetables, the amount of butter tea consumed and the risk of anemia among pregnant women (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences in the number of births, the number of meat and eggs consumed, the quantity of fresh fruit, the quantity of butter tea and whether the risk of anemia was known. Conclusions The imbalance of diet structure and the lack of anemia-related knowledge are the main risk factors for anemia during pregnancy in women in this area.